A mammogram, an X-ray of the breast from several different views, is one of the major ways masses in the breast are detected. If an abnormal area is detected on a mammogram, a biopsy may be needed to determine if the lump is malignant. Today, there are three types of breast biopsies performed — open surgical biopsy, core needle biopsy and Mammotome Breast Biopsy.

Open surgical biopsy is performed under general or local anesthesia. The radiologist uses mammography to identify the area to be removed. The surgeon then makes an incision in the breast and removes a section of tissue about the size of a golf ball.

For a core needle biopsy, the patient is given a local anesthetic. The surgeon makes one small incision in the skin, and 10 to 20 tissue samples are usually taken.

Mammotome Breast Biopsy requires only one small incision under local anesthetic and a single probe insertion minimizing scarring and damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis making it more convenient and less stressful than open surgical biopsy. The system is usually brought to the hospital every other week.

The Mammotome system is attached to a special stereotactic imaging table outfitted with X-ray equipment that takes images from two angles. The patient lies face down on the table that includes an opening for the breast. Once the abnormal tissue is located, the computerized imaging system guides a thin, rotating probe into the breast one time. The procedure is simple and relatively painless.

A great benefit of the Mammotome system is accurate biopsy of early-stage breast cancer. If a biopsy reveals the presence of cancer, a woman must then discuss various treatment options with her medical team. Fortunately, 80 percent of biopsies indicate no cancerous lesions.